The concrete filled double steel plate composite wall (CFDSPCW) with shear stud connectors is a new type of construction component for high-rise buildings that resist lateral force. In this paper, the in-plane shear resistance of CFDSPCWs is studied with nonlinear finite element analysis using ANSYS. To this end, some assumptions were made to simplify the numerical model. Based on the experimental results and the formula of shear-slip of stud connectors in the literature, a constitutive relationship explaining the shear-slip of shear stud connectors is proposed using curve fitting. Then, the finite element model of the experimental CFDSPCW is established and validated through experimental results. Thereafter, the study presents the effects of key parameters including the space of stud connectors, the thickness of both the steel plate and concrete core, the concrete strength, and the span-depth ratio of walls on the shear resistance of CFDSPCWs. The results indicate that the thickness of both the steel plate and the concrete core, and the strength of concrete are the most critical factors affecting the shear resistance of CFDSPCWs, and the spacing of stud connectors affects the failure mode of CFDSPCWs.