This study investigated factors influencing a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) granular sludge system, in order to provide technical support for the practical application of EBPR. The start-up, the phosphorus removal performance of the EBPR granular sludge system and the sludge granulation were studied in a SBR system with a working volume of 12L, where sodium acetate was used as the carbon source and KH₂PO₄ was used as the phosphorus source. Results showed that when the carbon to phosphorus ratio of influent was too low (C:P=200:15), the phosphorus removal efficiencies were at a low level. Compared with 25℃, the EPS content of sludge increased at 15℃. Moreover, the increase of protein (PN) content was more obvious at 15℃, which was conducive to sludge granulation and resulted in an obvious increase of sludge particle size. Compared with 25℃, the lower temperature of 15℃ was more favorable for the growth of Rhodocyclus, which is mainly responsible for biological phosphorus removal in traditional EBPR systems. This resulted in Rhodocyclus becoming the dominant bacteria in the system and improved the phosphorus removal efficiencies.