In order to study the seismic performance and value damage pattern of timber frame, which are used in ancient timber architecture and infilled with windows and wall, Kanchuang frame is selected as the study object. Kangchuang frames are widely used in Qing official architecture. The 1∶2 reduced-scale models were made for low cyclic loading test. The load-displacement hysteretic curves, skeleton curves, stiffness degradation law and energy dissipation capacity of models were analyzed. The research results show that the load-displacement hysteretic curves have obvious pinching effect, and this effect becomes more obvious with increase of loading displacement and loading cycle number. The walls of Kanchuang frame cracked at first, then the cracks increase with the load increase. The wood structure appears to tenon pulling, lattice splintering and other damage. Walls contribute great stiffness to the structure. Combined with the possible value points of sill window frame, a value-based damage evaluation standard for Kanchuang frame is proposed, which provides good reference for the repair, reinforcement, and value loss evaluation of ancient timber architecture.