In the actual bamboo structures, the column base is usually subjected to tensile load. In view of this, a kind of bamboo bolt connection with embedded wood was proposed. Therefore, the axial tensile test of 15 bamboo bolt connection specimens with embedded wood was designed. Firstly, the yield load and yield displacement of specimens were determined according to 50% of the maximum capacity of Karacabeyli-Ceccotti, and then the characteristics of different deformation stages in the load displacement curve were evaluated. Finally, the influence of bolt diameter and screw hole end distance on the bearing capacity and failure mode of these connection specimens was analyzed. The results showed that the connection has a certain bearing capacity and deformation capacity, and the bearing capacity increases with increase of screw diameter. The load-displacement curve of the connection has two elastic segments in tension, and the stiffness decreases in the second elastic stage. The three failure modes include screw bending, bamboo wall punching shear and bamboo wall cracking. The failure mode is controlled by screw hole end distance and screw diameter. The formula derived from the simplified mechanical model can approximately predict the bearing capacity of the joint.