Drop hammer test was carried out on five reinforced concrete (RC) beams which include one as-built RC beam, two reinforced with basalt fiber rebar (BRRC) and two reinforced basalt textile (BTRC) by using drop hammer impact testing machine. The damage process, impact force time-history curve, reaction force time-history curve, deformation time-history curve, impact force-deformation curve and reaction force-deformation curve were analyzed to study the impact characteristics of the RC beams reinforced with BTRC or BRRC. Results indicate that BTRC and BRRC can significantly increase the impact load-carrying capacity, thus decreasing the peak deformation and residual deformation of the beams. The reinforcement layouts and FRP amount have marginal influence on the deformation of the beams. Part of the kinematic energy of the drop hammer can be dissipated due to the fracture of fiber net or debonding of anchor end of fiber reinforcement, resulting in lower internal energy of the reinforced beams in comparison with that of the as-built RC beam.