The environmental behavior of heavy metals in acidic mine drainage (AMD) was restricted by schwertmannite. When environmental conditions change, dissolution and phase transformation of schwertmannite will occur, causing redistribution or even releasing of bound heavy metals. This study investigated the dissolution and phase transformation of rapid chemical synthetic schwertmannite which was prepared in the presence of different contents of chromium and molybdenum induced by reducibility S(-II) of acid mine drainage with flow column method combined with XRD, SEM and XPS characterization. The results show that the concentrations of heavy metals and sulfur ions in the leachates decreased with the prolongation of reaction time and the increase of Cr and Mo loading contents, also followed Sch>0.1Mo0.06Cr-Sch>0.2Mo0.09Cr-Sch. Zero-order kinetic was proved to be the best kinetic model for the release processes of Cr and Mo. In addition, according to the XRD and XPS characterization, goethite was the main products of the pure schwertmannite treatments, and the loading heavy metals can improve the stability of minerals to a certain extent and retard the phase transformation of schwertmannite.