In light of the emissions of organized/unorganized waste gases during natural gas extraction, this study conducted an investigation of the occurrence of exhaust pollutants at 16 natural gas extraction stations in the eastern Sichuan region. Subsequently, an evaluation of the health risks posed by the detected waste gas pollutants to both operational personnel and the surrounding population was carried out. The results indicated that, in 2020, the concentrations of H₂S, SO₂ and NO_x detected during the non-operational state of 13 individual well sites ranged from 0.001 to 0.016, 0.007 to 0.023 and 0.012 to 0.047 mg/m³, respectively. These concentrations were comparable to those detected at the JZZ and TD71 wells over a continuous 3-year period from 2017 to 2019, reflecting the consistent emission levels of fixed-source waste gases in the East Sichuan gas field in recent years. Additionally, H₂S, CS₂ and NH₃ were identified as the primary malodorous gases emitted from unorganized sources, but their concentrations remained low and met the secondary standard requirements stipulated in the Emission Standards for Odor Pollutants (GB 14554—93). Furthermore, the health risk assessment results revealed that when the operation of Gas Field Water Tank (GFWT), the Hazard Quotient (HQ) values for H₂S and NO_x at the GFWT and Transfer Water Tank exceeded 0.1, which potentially posing health risks to operational personnel. However, when GFWT was not in operation, the HQ values for H₂S, SO₂ and NO_x at all well sites except TD62, and residential areas were all below 0.1, which indicating minimal health risks for both operational personnel and residents.