In the working process of energy pile, the pile body will produce thermal deformation influenced by temperature change and induce cyclic shear action on the soil around the pile, which would weaken the bearing capacity of the foundation and bring risks to the normal use of the pile foundation. Because the traditional direct shear apparatus could not simulate the temperature variation of the pile and soil in the working process of energy piles, there was limited research on the mechanical properties of the pile-soil interface affected by the temperature. In this paper, the traditional direct shear apparatus was modified to adjust the temperature of soil samples. The soil used in this test was sampled from a construction site in Chongqing, and the geotechnical direct shear tests of pile-soil interface under different temperatures were carried out. The effects of single and cyclic temperature variation on the mechanical properties of the pile-soil interface were analyzed. Meanwhile, the difference between the mechanical properties of pile-soil interface and soil was compared. The results showed that the shear strength of pile-soil interface was influenced significantly by the temperature. With the increase of temperature, the friction angle and cohesion of the pile-soil interface would firstly decrease and then increase. Temperature cycles had a great influence on the mechanical properties of pile-soil interface under low normal stress, while it had no significant influence under high normal stress. The variations of shear strength, friction angle and cohesion of the soil influenced by temperature was similar to those of pile-soil interface.