Ultraviolet disinfection technology has attracted more and more attention due to its advantages of no need to add chemicals, broad-spectrum disinfection and less disinfection by-products. However, it is difficult to guarantee the disinfection effect caused by the fouling of quartz sleeves, which has become a bottleneck restricting the development of ultraviolet disinfection technology. In this study, a pilot test device was set up in the ultraviolet disinfection channel of the sewage plant, and ultrasonic waves were used to inhibit the fouling of quartz sleeves. Single factor experiments have determined that the appropriate ranges of ultrasonic power, cleaning cycle, and ultrasonic time are 500-1 000 W, 0.5-1.0 d, and 20-40 min respectively; For quartz sleeves with a service time of 0, 0.5, 1, 3, and 5 years, ultrasonic waves have a good fouling inhibition effect. In order to further optimize the parameters, the Box-Behnken design method and the response surface analysis method were used to optimize the main factors, and the response surface regression model and the optimal solution were obtained. The results show that the optimized process parameters of ultrasonic technology for fouling inhibition and cleaning are ultrasonic power P=965 W, cleaning cycle T=0.5 days, ultrasonic time t=34 minutes, and the maximum predicted relative ultraviolet intensity is 1.01. Through the statistical test, the model has a good fit, and the predicted value of the relative ultraviolet intensity obtained under the optimized process conditions is close to the experimental value with an error of 1.00%.