Chemical oxidation technology based on strong oxidants is an effective means to achieve the removal of recalcitrant organic pollutants. Compared with gaseous oxidants such as ozone and liquid oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide, solid oxidants such as permanganate have the advantages of long life, ease of use and low risk of leakage, and have great advantages in removing refractory organic pollutants in water. In recent years, in order to further improve the efficiency of solid oxidants in removing refractory pollutants, it has been widely recognized that the method of adding reducing mediators enhanced the removal of organic pollutants by oxidants, especially in the degradation of emerging pollutants. This paper summarizes the combination systems of several reducing mediators with solid oxidants permanganate, ferrate and periodate involved in the field of water treatment. Then, the application of reducing mediator-enhanced solid oxidant systems in practical water treatment engineering is summarized and discussed. Through the collection and summary works on this topic, it is expected to promote more comprehensive and in-depth basic research and contribute to more practical promotion and application of water treatment engineering.