This paper conducts a feasibility study on 3D printed lightweight concrete arch structures from three aspects: design, construction, and load-bearing performance. Based on the characteristics of arch structure and 3D printing technology, a segment-assembly method was proposed to realize the accurate and fast assembly of arch structure. On this basis, five 3D printed lightweight arch structure specimens were constructed. The influence of three conditions, namely two-point concentration, three-point concentration, and uniformly distributed load, as well as the printing paths of "π", "W", and "M" cross-sections, was studied through experiments on the bearing performance of arch structures. Additionally, the mechanical behavior of 3D printed concrete arch structures with