The waiting hall's environmental quality directly impacts passengers' travel experience. The high temperatures in summer impose higher requirements on the physical environmental parameters of high-speed rail station waiting halls. By investigating and monitoring the indoor physical environment of waiting halls in different regions of China during summer, this study analyzes passenger satisfaction survey data from corresponding stations to explore the relationship between the physical environment quality of these waiting halls and passenger satisfaction. Through systematic field measurements, key physical environment parameters such as temperature, humidity, noise, illumination, PM10 levels, and carbon dioxide concentration were collected in detail from 11 high-speed railway stations. The indoor physical environment status of different station waiting rooms during summer was compared and analyzed while collecting passenger satisfaction feedback through questionnaire surveys. Based on environmental monitoring data and questionnaire results, an analysis is conducted to determine the quantitative relationship between overall satisfaction with the physical environment (including thermal environment, light environment, sound environment, and air quality) in high-speed railway station waiting halls during summer using factor analysis and multiple linear regression methods. The results indicate that during the summer season, passenger satisfaction is primarily influenced by temperature, followed by air quality and sound environment. The impact of light environment on overall satisfaction is found to be relatively minimal. In terms of the thermal environment, there is a strong correlation between humidity and ventilation with overall satisfaction regarding the physical environment. This is followed by the uniformity of temperature distribution and actual temperature. In the acoustic environment, noise factor and broadcast clarity exhibit a significant correlation. The illuminance in the light environment is more important, while air pollutants and air quality freshness account for a relatively substantial proportion.