The influence of three independent factors, i.e.vibration source distance, tamping energy and tamping settlement, on the vibration velocity under the energy levels of 4000kN · m, 12000kN · m and 25000kN · m was compared and analyzed in the miscellaneous fill slope and flat site. On this basis, the Bp neural network and Sobol sensitivity analysis method were used to analyze the influence of the above three factors on the vibration velocity. The results indicate that in slope sites, vibration velocity follows a negative exponential relationship from the slope’s shoulder to its base. An "energy concentration" effect is observed at the slope's shoulder, where the vibration velocity is higher than that of flat sites at the same source distance. In miscellaneous fill slopes, vibration velocity mostly ranges between 4 and 25 mm/s, and though it also follows a negative exponential relationship with impact energy, the effect of energy on vibration velocity is limited. As tamping settlement increases, vibration velocity initially rises rapidly, then slows, eventually stabilizing. After reaching a "concave" inflection point on the cumulative tamping curve, the velocity increases or the growth rate accelerates; beyond a "convex" inflection point, the velocity decreases or the growth rate slows. Sensitivity analysis shows that tamping settlement has the greatest influence on vibration velocity, being 1.55 times more significant than source distance and 5.93 times more significant than tamping energy. Reducing tamping settlement is the most effective way to lower vibration, followed by increasing source distance, with tamping energy having the smallest effect.