Taking the Solar Decathlon China 2018 ( SDC2018) as an example, this paper simulated the building in the design stage, and measured the indoor temperature and illumination after the building was built. The results showed that the energy saving effect of aerogel glass was more significant than that of the wooden lattice envelope, but effective shading measures should be taken in summer, and the heat storage performance of wooden lattice wall should be further improved. Aerogel glass could improve the uniformity of indoor illumination, and the lighting could completely meet the design requirements. The improvement measures were put forward for the existed problems of this building, which was of great significance for the promotion and application of aerogel glass building.