Recently, more and more scholars join in the mechanism research and wide applications of membrane electroporation phenomenon. This paper introduces the electroporation precondition which leads to the numbers of pores in the membrane increased rapidly. It elaborates the mechanism research of membrane electroporation from three areas:namely the change of electric and mechanical characteristic of membrane, change of membrane molecular structure and the influence to ability of transmembrane transport of particles and ions. Moreover, this paper introduces the current wide applications of membrane electroporation characteristic in biologic technology and clinical medicine, emphasizes the significance of the mechanism research of membrane electroporation and lays out its favorable applicable prospects.