Water pollution in the Three Gorges Dam Area has resulted mainly from the haphazard drainage of industrial waste water and domestic sewage and free toss of rubbish along the Yangtze River. When the dam begins to store water in march, 2003, the environment in the dam area have to face a greater threat. Through the analyses of the reality, characteristics, causes, etc, and analysis of the water pollution in the dam area, there is enough reason to firmly believe that to control and wipe out water pollution here the first thing to be done is ban the haphazard drainage of waste water and the free toss of rubbish and make an effective combination of preservation, disposal and control of waste material. In addition, people's conseiousness of environmental protection should be promoted.