The main purpose of researching and designing(R&D) anticoagulant biomaterials is to find a polymer material which possesses some special properties, when it attatches to the blood or tissue of human body, it could not cause clotting, thrombus or inflammation. The properties of anticoagulant biomaterials mentioned is correlated with its surface property. So, the surface property of anticoagulant biomaterials need to be characterized. Seven general surface analysis methods and one novel nuclear method which are used to characterize anticoagulant biomaterials are summarized. The typical references for the application are listed to introduce the theory,advantage and disadvantage of each method. At last it is pointed out that only making full use of these methods can we comprehensively know the surface structure of anticoagulant biomaterials, and then use these information to guide our research.