Starting with the system of Mg-based hydrogen storage materials, progress of investigation on Mg-base hydrogen storage materials are reported. The Mg-based hydrogen storage materials are reasonably divided into magnesium hydrogen storage materials, Mg-based hydrogen storage alloys and Mg-based composites. Combining with the present actuality of China and other countries, multi-component alloying method is necessary for improving absorption performance. Basing on studying the concerned theory, component optimized adjusting and complex method preparation are applied to improving hydrogenation properties.