The uniaxial hot compression test with Gleeble-1500D thermal simulator is performed on AZ31-0.5Sr-1.5Y alloy in the temperature range of 250-450 ℃ and stain rates of 0.01-1 s -1 with the maximum deformation degree of 0.85. The hot deformation behavior and hot workability of the alloy are studied. The constitutive equation and processing map of the alloy are established and studied by optical microstructure observation. The results show that the steady flow stress of AZ31-0.5Sr-1.5Y deforms at elevated temperatures can be described by the hyperbolic sine constitutive equation, and the activation energy is about 186.83 kJ/mol. After analyzing the hot processing map, at the true strain of 0.6, there is one unsafe deformation zone in the deformation temperature range of 250-300 ℃ and the strain rate range of 0.3-1 s -1. The optimal processing parameters obtained in the present work are the temperature range of 300-400 ℃ and strain rates of 0.01-1 s -1.