Based on the OV model, a new microscopic anticipation driving car-following model was proposed to study the relationship between anticipation driving behavior and traffic congestion. The stability criterion was derived by using stability theory. The simulation results show that the new model can simulate practical traffic phenomena, such as stop-and-go, system critical phrase transition, etc., and its simulation results are more close to practical value than that of the OV model under the open boundary conditions. At the same time, the anticipation driving effect can enhance the stability performance of traffic flow, improve the threshold of density which the state of traffic flow will turn into congestion state and reduce the effect scope of congestion, finally the optimal value range of anticipation parameter in the new model is obtained under the open boundary conditions when viewing the minimum smoothness and minimum fluctuation amplitude of speed as the evaluation index.