For the different position installation and different type of energy dissipation element for self-centering steel truss beam (SCSTB), the theoretical calculating formula of moment capacity and stiffness at end of beam are deducted corresponding to major points of their hysteretic curve when butterfly fuse is installed. Bending stiffness and energy dissipation capacity of SCSTB with butterfly fuse and bucking restrained energy dissipation bar are comparatively analyzed, and the plan of bucking restrained energy dissipation bar is optimal one. Area of prestressed bar, initial stress of prestressed bar, SC parameter are important parameters for evaluation of self-centering function and energy dissipation capacity; seismic behavior of SCSTB is researched by numerical analysis, on the basis of which, the range of optimum parameters is determined, and it can be used as a reference for the design of this component.