Three structures with different layers and crosses and an ordinary flat frame structure were designed with reference to the current norms of China. Taking the Park-Ang damage index as the parameter of structural response, and peak ground a cceleration (PGA) as the parameter of the ground motion intensity and considering the additional effects of aftershocks, damage assessment of the layered structure was carried out by the incremental dynamic analysis in rspects of the additional damage index, the layer damage index and the overall damage index. The results show that the main shock is the most important factor causing structural damage. The damage of the upper ground layer is the most serious, the additional damage index of the components of the layer structure increases, and the additional damage of the upper grounding column is the largest. The global damage of the layered structure on the slop is greater than that of ordinary flat structure, the damage index ratio decreases in turn according to C2K3、C3K2、C2K2 and ORD.