To improve the attractiveness of public transportation system, optimal network layout of the public bike stations and bike lanes was studied from the point of view of transferring between buses and public bikes. In this paper, a nonlinear optimization model with the objective of maximizing the users' demand was formulated, and it was compared with the traditional location model. Based on the special designed neighborhood and its generation criterion, a tabu-search-based algorithm was proposed to solve the problem. Then simulation experiments by MATLAB program were conducted and the computational results show that the proposed algorithm efficiently solves different-sized instances and obtains high quality solutions for the network layout of public bicycle system. Furthermore, results of the sensitive experiments can provide useful information for planners' decision-making.