With the expansion of the scale of open pit mines, the problems of preparing production plans has increased dramatically, leaving it difficult for traditional methods to obtain high-quality solutions in a reasonable time. In response to the above questions, a method combining agglomerative hierarchical clustering algorithm with penalties (AHCP) and binary intrusive weed algorithm (BIWO) is designed in this paper, according to the characteristics of mining, to solve the large-scale open pit mine production planning problem. Firstly, the block deposit model is aggregated according to AHCP algorithm. Then, the state of these units in each period is taken as variables to establish a 0-1 integer programming (IP) model. Finally, the IP model is solved by the BIWO algorithm. Experimental results show that AHCP algorithm can significantly improve the ability of BIWO algorithm in solving large-scale open pit production planning problems. The method in this paper can reduce the overall solution time by nearly 90% while ensuring the quality of the solution.