In order to analyze the influence of over-consolidation state and Poisson effect on shear characteristics of sand-pipe pile interface, load transfer model was established on the basis of traditional hyperbolic model, in which lateral earth pressure coefficient of the over-consolidation ratio and the increase of lateral earth pressure caused by Poisson effect were considered, and the reliability of calculation model was verified by existing model test results. Also the influence factors on limit friction stress were analyzed by an example, and the results showed that the ultimate frictional resistance of compressive piles and uplift piles increased linearly with the increase of over-consolidation ratio from 1.0 to 3.0, and the increases range was 83.6% and 92.9% respectively; the ultimate frictional resistance of compressive piles increased linearly with the increase of poisson ratio from 0.1 to 0.3, and the increase range was 3.5%, while the uplift piles decreased linearly with the increase of Poisson ratio, and the decrease range was 3.6%; with the pile-soil modulus ratio increase from 300 to 1 500, the ultimate frictional resistance of compressive piles decreased about 7.6%, and the uplift piles increased about 9.6%.