Recovery of nickel and cobalt from cathode materials of spent NCM523 lithium-ion batteries
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Abstract:
The cathode materials of spent NCM523 lithium-ion batteries contain valuable metal elements such as Ni and Co, which must be recycled. Ni and Co in cathode electrode active materials were first leached with H2SO4 and H2O2. Then Mn was removed by adding KMnO4 into the leaching solution. Finally NiCoO2 powders were prepared from the purified solution. The effects of various factors on metal leaching rates were analyzed. Under the conditions of H2SO4 concentration 2.5 mol/L, H2O2 volume fraction 10%, leaching temperature 80℃, leaching time 80 min and solid-liquid ratio 1:14 g/mL, the leaching rates of Ni, Co and Mn were 94.03%, 99.56% and 14.97%, respectively. Hence the separation of Mn from Ni and Co was obtained by selective leaching of Ni and Co. Using KMnO4 as oxidant, the residual ionic Mn in the leachate was lower than 0.45 mmol/L. Chain-like NiCoO2 with uniform morphology was prepared from the purified leaching solution by hydrothermal synthesis at 160℃ and calcination at 400℃, using polyethylene glycol PEG-2000 as surfactant and oxalic acid as precipitant. Therefore, the recycling of valuable metals Ni and Co in cathode materials of waste batteries was realized.
