In order to make full use of the advantages of genetic algorithm and the whale method in the algorithm, the improved genetic algorithm is integrated with the whale method to enhance the adaptability of the mobile robot path planning to the dynamic environment. By optimizing the fitness function of the algorithm, the basic genetic algorithm is improved so that the solving speed of the original algorithm is improved. Compared the path length and running time of the three algorithms:genetic algorithm, improved genetic algorithm and improved genetic whale algorithm, the results show that the improved genetic whale algorithm can continuously extract the optimal operator, reduce the number of iterations, and improve the accuracy of path planning.