In addressing the current challenges of complex underwater wireless communication antenna structures, difficult deployment, and severe high-frequency attenuation, a communication system based on an array of plate elements utilizing the electric current field is proposed. At the transmitting end, a plate array is employed to enhance signal reception intensity. Drawing on current field theory, the underwater array plate transmission formula is derived. Through finite element simulation analysis of signal strength and electric field distribution characteristics under different array quantities and communication distances, the impact of adding insulating materials and altering the depth of submersion at the transmitting end on reception effectiveness is analyzed. An experimental platform was set up to test 1×2 and 1×4 plate arrays, validating the influence of frequency and array quantity on reception effectiveness. The experimental results indicate that in low-frequency states, maintaining constant transmission voltage amplitude and power, arranging the transmission plate in an array, and adding insulating material at the transmitting end contribute to improving received signal strength. Additionally, parallel arrangement of the transmitting and receiving ends results in better reception. Precise control of the quantity and arrangement of plate arrays can facilitate long-distance underwater communication, providing valuable insights for the research and optimization of underwater electric field communication systems.