Electromagnetic pulse (EMP) de-icing technology refers to the form of pulsed current or pulsed magnetic field, which converts EMP energy into pulsed force, changes the shape of metal materials, destroys the adhesion between the ice layer and the surface of the material, and never achieves the purpose of ice layer falling off. This paper, from the research background of electromagnetic pulse technology, the influence of de-icing incentive factors, and the use of different industries in three aspects, combing the role of electromagnetic pulse de-icing technology principle, reviewed the progress of the relevant basic theory research at home and abroad; from the structure of the response, the size of the pulse current, the thickness of the metal material, the coil-metal material spacing in four aspects, analyzed the factors affecting the effect of de-icing; respectively, from the application and basic theory The problems of EMP de-icing technology are pointed out from two aspects, and the research direction of EMP de-icing technology is expected from three aspects, namely, intelligent control system, optimization of metal materials and numerical calculation.