In order to explore the influence of different grade composition and sheet content on the mechanical properties and damage constitutive relationship of shallow metamorphic SLATE asphalt mixture, uniaxial compression test was carried out to evaluate the mechanical response and failure mechanism of shallow metamorphic SLATE asphalt mixture under different grade composition and sheet content combined with non-destructive testing technology. The results show that the median AC16-B has good mechanical properties and the content of pin-like particles should be less than 10%. The failure form of the sample is "thin at both ends and thick in the middle". Tensile failure is the main failure mode and shear failure is the secondary failure mode for asphalt mixtures with different proportions. With the increase of strain, the total damage variable increases gradually, and the growth rate of damage variable decreases gradually with the increase of needle flake content. The formulation design of shallow metamorphic SLATE asphalt concrete is studied and optimized, which provides a template for rational utilization of stone resources.