Using the coefficient of variation and shift-share method, the study analyzes the changes of the academic structure of the full-time teachers in the regional colleges and universities in China from 2004 to 2016. It shows that the doctoral degree is slowly balanced and master degree is popularized, while undergraduate and college degree education is weakened. On the other hand, there is still a gap between the eastern regions and the central and western in the development of full-time teachers'qualifications. Thus, the government should carry out the development strategy of the higher education circle. According to local conditions in different regions, different development strategies and special protective tactics are support to implement to promote the balanced development in different regions. Meanwhile, to improve the quality of teachers, the government should comprehensively consider the type of schools, personnel training objectives and so on.