Listed as one of the five top-quality courses launched by Ministry of Education of China, virtual simulation experiment is an important measure to integrate the information technology into experimental teaching to improve the quality and level of experimental teaching, and plays an important role in cultivating the talents. Students-oriented teaching and learning with emphasis on interaction and engagement has been adopted to design the virtual experimental system with combination of real resources to aid mutually with advantages. The scientific research is introduced to demand-oriented and problem-based virtual experimental teaching. The modular, hierarchical and fragmented virtual simulation experimental teaching system of air conditioning system for deep underground space is developed based on cutting-edge research in the field of deep underground space air conditioning. The students will be able to implement the online virtual experiment anytime and anywhere with engaging experience, professional learning, interactive operation, and whole process assessment. It can make up for the shortage of traditional experiment apparatus, enrich the experimental teaching means and resources, enhance the students' innovative capability of solving the complex problem and improve the teaching quality.