The objective of professional degree is different from that of academic degree. It aims to cultivate senior professionals with solid theoretical knowledge, strong practical ability and good professionalism. It emphasizes that students acquire certain professional skills through practical teaching sessions on the basis of mastering professional theoretical knowledge, with emphasis on practicality and application. In the field of architecture, the training mode of linking practical teaching with professionalism needs to be further deepened. Based on the concept of career-oriented practice teaching, it is analyzed how to shift from disciplinary logic to work logic in the process of practice teaching of professional degrees. Then, a practical teaching content that combines professional knowledge and vocational knowledge is constructed. Further, the three outstanding problems in the cultivation of professional degree postgraduates, such as unclear practical teaching objectives, unclear career cognition and irregular practice assessment, are solved. A mosaic teaching model of professional and vocational and an evaluation index system for testing the effectiveness of students’ practical learning are proposed. The results of the study are conducive to the transformation of students into professionals and the enhancement of professional competence to vocational competence, and provide a reference for the cultivation of professional talents in architecture.