In double first-class construction system, personnel training and laboratory construction are important elements. By analyzing the consistency and complementarity of them, combined with the traditional co-management concept, this paper constructs the co-management mechanism of laboratory by teachers and students based on double first-class college student training goals, which can improve the quality of laboratory construction and management, and effectively achieve student training goals. At the same time, the creation of a good experimental environment and innovative atmosphere can provide guarantees for the construction of double first-class universities and the overall ability cultivation of students. This paper analyzes the basic concept, experience and feasibility of co-management, defines the problems that need to be solved and faced, and puts forward specific countermeasures, carries out work division of the co-management mechanism, puts forward suggestions for the orderly promotion of the work, and explains the achievement of the cultivation goals for double first-class construction in the co-management mechanism of university laboratory. From the theoretical system to the practical link, this paper expounds the implementation key of the university laboratory co-management mechanism, which has positive reference value for construction of university laboratories, talent cultivation, double first-class construction, and personnel system reform in universities.