In view of the problems existing in the training process of civil engineering undergraduates in colleges and universities, this paper puts forward a training mode focusing on scientific research practice training, and explores the specific measures for the training of civil engineering undergraduates from two aspects: the construction of the training program of the research group and the improvement measures at the school level. Through the long-term tracking record of 29 people in 5 sessions, the evaluation is carried out according to the number of scientific research achievements, the change of achievements and the admission rate of postgraduate entrance examination. The results show that under this mode, the number of scientific research achievements per student reaches 1; during the period of the research group, 87.5% of the students’ scores are improved; the admission rate of postgraduate entrance examination increases by 81.5% compared with the benchmark group. Training mode focusing on scientific research practice can significantly improve students’ academic performance, postgraduate admission rate, scientific research level and innovation ability.