To explore the application of artificial intelligence in civil engineering teaching reform, this paper analyzes the present situation of civil engineering teaching, and describes in detail the application practice of artificial intelligence in the fields of virtual simulation, intelligent evaluation and intelligent design. It points out that artificial intelligence technology has great potential in improving teaching efficiency, optimizing the allocation of teaching resources and realizing personalized teaching, and it helps to cultivate high-quality civil engineering talents with innovative ability and practical spirit. At the same time, the paper also points out the challenges in artificial intelligence technology application, such as data privacy risks, emotional interaction limitations and ethical dilemmas, and puts forward the corresponding solutions, including adopting machine learning methods to protect private data, developing affective computing modules to realize basic human-computer interaction, and establishing manual review and accountability mechanisms. This paper provides a new idea and method for civil engineering teaching reform, which is of great significance for promoting the innovation and development of civil engineering education.