In the context of China’s urban development shifting from incremental expansion to stock optimization, urban renewal has become a crucial approach for high-quality urban development and a focal point in architectural design research. Cultivating innovative professional talents to meet the demands of future urban development has become a key aspect of architectural education reform. The School of Architecture and Urban Planning of Chongqing University takes the urban renewal design course for architecture master’s students as the object, aiming at the teaching bottleneck of the traditional design course, puts forward the teaching reform idea of taking local demand as the core, university-local cooperation, and integrating multiple disciplines. By constructing a research-oriented, participatory and practical design teaching framework, students are guided to gradually develop systematic thinking, professional practice ability, and innovative awareness to tackle complex urban issues, laying a solid foundation for their future diversified development. The teaching reform closely revolves around the training needs of professional masters, achieving a shift from theory to practice and from single-discipline to multi-disciplinary integration. It offers a reference case for the field of architectural education.