Based on an in-depth analysis of the specific requirements for enterprise practice and the main problems existing in the current enterprise practice teaching under the background of Emerging Engineering Education and First-Class Undergraduate Education construction, this study takes the specialty of water supply and drainage science and engineering of Hebei Agricultural University as an example to construct the “12345” enterprise practice system of civil engineering specialty in local colleges and universities. Then the study analyzes and summarizes the specific requirements and implementation methods of “one core, two types of subjects, three levels, four modes and five-element management”. The “12345” enterprise practice teaching system is implemented and practiced in the specific training process to test its implementation effect. Besides, practice contents, modes and methods are continuously improved according to the implementation effect feedback so as to provide reference for the establishment of high-level talents training system of first-class applied undergraduate education.