With the continuous development of the “Belt and Road” strategy, a large number of international students are attracted to China for graduate studies. How to cultivate professional and technical personnel in traffic and transportation engineering from countries along the “Belt and Road” is a new challenge for colleges and universities in China. In order to deeply explore the training model of postgraduates majoring in transportation engineering in China, selected overseas students majoring in transportation engineering from Southeast University to conduct questionnaire survey and analysis; through the principal component factor analysis method, obtained the status quo in four aspects: the participation of graduate students in campus activities, the relevance of scientific research topics, the grasp of learning focus, and the degree of scientific research task commitment; through sample testing, the similarities and differences of the adaptability of overseas graduate students from Asian and African countries to the university training model are analyzed. The survey results reflected the living and learning status of international students in the School of Transportation of Southeast University. This research then conducted data analysis to explore the weakness of the cultivation of international graduate students and putted forward corresponding suggestions.