The course of Underground Space Engineering Monitoring and Testing is characterized by strong practicality, profound theoretical foundation, and extensive interdisciplinary integration. However, the course-based ideological and political education still needs to be improved in terms of theoretical maturity, systematicness, and alignment with the goal of applied talent cultivation. Taking the Underground Space Engineering Monitoring and Testing course of Chengdu Technological University as an example, this paper constructs a “1234” course ideological and political education system, integrating ideological and political education into the entire teaching process, covering three major elements of knowledge, ability, and quality, and incorporating 12 ideological and political elements. Through the closed-loop model of “pre-class questionnaire ~ in-class practice ~ post-class feedback”, students have a high level of recognition for course ideological and political education, especially in aspects such as team collaboration, safety and environmental protection, political identification, professional ethics, personal cultivation, and craftsmanship spirit, with the comprehension of ideological and political connotations exceeding 90%. Despite this, the construction of course ideological and political education still faces challenges in terms of integration depth, teaching methods, and class hour arrangement. Therefore, this paper proposes to strengthen textbook compilation, teaching design, and classroom implementation, build a “course ideological and political education” knowledge map, and optimize class hour arrangement to improve teaching effectiveness and students" comprehensive quality, providing strong support for the cultivation of high-quality applied talents.