This paper addresses the new requirements for talent cultivation arising from the intelligent transformation of the civil engineering industry against the backdrop of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. It analyzes the main problems currently existing in the cultivation of intelligent construction talent within universities, including: insufficient targeted ideological and political education, a disconnect between the curriculum system and industry needs, the weak digital and AI literacy among teachers, and inadequate support for practical teaching. In response, this study constructs an “AI-empowered, digitally-driven” undergraduate talent cultivation system for civil engineering. Specifically, it includes: a precise ideological and political education system based on student digital profiles and a three-dimensional assessment model; an “intelligent technology-integrated” curriculum system and digital teaching resources; a teacher digital literacy development mechanism covering the entire process of training, empowerment, and evaluation; and a three-stage progressive intelligent practice ecosystem (“Grounding– Pinnacle–Integration”). Validated through four years of practice, this system has significantly enhanced students’ professional capabilities, innovative literacy, and comprehensive qualities. It has achieved a unification of scale and personalization in online teaching, yielded fruitful results in disciplinary competitions and social services, and formed a replicable, scalable educational model, providing a systematic solution for the reform of civil engineering education in the context of intelligent construction.