The integration of Ideological and Political Education (IPE) is a pivotal strategy for advancing the fundamental goal of “moral education”, seeking to harmonize value guidance, knowledge transmission and skill development. This study presents a systematic framework for embedding IPE in the civil engineering curriculum, specifically within the course “Sustainable Construction”. A “Goal-Content-Method-Evaluation” model is proposed, outlining the hierarchical structure of IPE objectives and extracting key ideological elements from the dimensions of “People, Objects, History and Politics”. Through diverse pedagogical approaches, including case-based teaching, problem-oriented learning and role-playing, this framework fosters the integration of IPE with professional knowledge. The implementation of this system has shown significant improvements in students’ alignment with national strategies, social responsibility, and systems thinking, alongside notable gains in their performance on higher-order cognitive tasks. In addition, by incorporating quantifiable evaluation indicators, long-term graduate follow-up, and a normalized collaboration mechanism with the School of Marxism, this study further validates the sustainability and transferability of the proposed model. This study offers a replicable and adaptable model for IPE integration in civil engineering and related disciplines.