Driven by the dual impetus of new quality productive forces and the development of new engineering disciplines, a significant gap exists between the curriculum system of engineering majors in higher education and the talent demands of industries. Traditional teaching models face multiple challenges such as outdated knowledge and disconnection from practice, creating an urgent need to cultivate new-type talents with the dual-core capabilities of "digital technology + practical innovation". Taking the core connotation of new quality productive forces as the theoretical basis, this study focused on the core demands of cultivating interdisciplinary talents for new engineering and constructed a closed-loop framework of four digital and intelligent reform strategies: stimulating students" subjectivity, algorithm-enhanced smart classrooms, Artificial Intelligence (AI)-empowered ideological and political reconstruction, and hybrid digital and intelligent teaching paradigms. This framework forms the "competence-knowledge-literacy" trinity training model. On this basis, following the full-link logic of "pre-class preparation → in-class implementation → post-class extension → whole-process guarantee", the study designed eight specific practical schemes including AI-based roll call, personalized lesson opening, integration of ideological and political education, and panoramic cases, establishing an implementation closed-loop of "data-driven → content landing → interactive deepening → achievement consolidation → whole-process support". By deeply integrating AI technology with all teaching links, the scheme resolves the problems of traditional teaching such as "one-size-fits-all" and "disconnection between theory and practice", realizes teaching precision, full-staff interaction and integrated education, and provides an operable practical path and supporting paradigm for the digital and intelligent reform of engineering specialized courses.