In the teaching of professional courses, how to effectively solve the problems of fragmentation and hardness in curriculum-based ideological and political education is the fundamental to realize the infiltrating of curriculum-based ideological and political education. Integrating the ideological and political content with professional curriculum content allows students to learn their expertise and skills while gaining the right values. By analyzing the connotation of engineering professional curriculum-based ideological and political education and the guiding role of Bloom’s educational goal classification theory in the construction of curriculum-based ideological and political education content level, this paper explores the general way of teaching design and implementation of curriculum-based ideological and political education of engineering majors from the perspective of educational theory and classroom implementation, and puts forward the measures and methods of systematically constructing curriculum-based ideological and political education by analyzing the practice in urban design curriculum. Finally, it is proposed that professional teachers should strengthen curriculum-based ideological and political education from three levels: orientation, cognition and practice.