The causes and mythological archetype of the Nu Wa myth is up to now an unsettled issue The author finds that the 5/12 Wenchuan earthquake and the secondary scourges offer us new evidence about the causes of this myth, and a brand new perspective to interpret the meaning of “The Cardinal points was broken and the land fell” as well as the archetypes of “mountain fire, beasts of prey, vast water, flood and black dragon” It illustrates that the origin of the Nu Wa myth is the earthquake and its secondary scourges, and the archetype is an imaginative description of the ancients’hope to conquer the earthquake disaster