China's losses in the case of Measures Related to the Exportation of Various Raw Materials and that of Measures Related to the Exportation of Various Raw Materials reveal that China is still far away from the requirements of the market-economy for the governance of strategic natural resources. For constructing a good governance mechanism on strategic natural resources being inconsistent with the WTO rules, China has to recognize this gap and takes it as an ideological driving force. The path for China's completing such mechanism should include in-depth understanding the rules of the market-economy, dialectically understanding the relationship and connection between the State permanent sovereignty over their natural resources and the WTO rules, increasing the rates of the resource royalties/taxations for reflecting the scarcity of strategic natural resources, formulating and implementing a strict and scientific environmental protection system aimed at protecting the environment, establishing reserves and tracking systems of strategic-natural-resource-based raw material products.