The failure of the property right system of natural resources in China has caused the abnormality in cost structure of natural resource products and the singularity of price composition.Based on the theory of rent value dissipation, it is concluded that the non-performance of property right and price control are the root causes of the defects of natural resources property right system.To solve the above mentioned problems, we need to shape the natural resource property right system from the following four aspects, to clarify the structure elements of natural resource property right, to maintain its market transactions, to regulate the macro-management environment and to mediate the property rights disputes.