Urban agglomeration is the main body of the country or region to participate in international competition, and it is the main form of the urbanization process in China. By breaking among administrative boundaries and geographical boundaries and economic boundary of the cities of the urban agglomeration, implementing three boundary coupling, the sustainable development of urban agglomerations as a whole is the only road to stimulate the sustainable development of local city. On the basis of the review of the sustainable development theory, this paper uses data to study the development of urban agglomeration in China, the results show that:generally speaking, the sustainable development of China's urban agglomeration score is low; The four urban agglomerations of the Pearl River Delta, Yangtze river delta, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and Shandong Peninsula belong to the high level of sustainable development, and the other urban agglomerations are not capable of sustainable development. The sustainable development capacity of urban agglomeration can be promoted from three aspects:improving the efficiency of resource use, optimizing the space structure, adhering to the combination of government and market.