论人工智能刑事风险的体系定位与立法属性
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D924.3

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国家社会科学基金项目"刑罚退出机制的价值确立与实践运行研究"(17XFX009);重庆市教育委员会研究生科研创新项目"人工智能刑事风险治理问题研究"(CYS18182);西南政法大学法学院博士生科研创新项目"刑事责任‘行政程序前置化’模式研究"(FXY2019011)


On the system orientation and legislative attribute of artificial intelligence criminal risk
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    摘要:

    人工智能刑事风险并非属于一种"超个人风险"类型。对人工智能刑事风险认知的主观幻化现象进行逐一诘问,能够得知:超个人风险分为事实层面的现象风险和规范层面的法律风险,智能产品在设计和编制程序范围外,其所实施的严重社会危害性行为仅是一种纯粹事实的现象风险。人工智能产品刑事责任评价的路径阻却在于智能技术本身缺乏生活情感的经验总结、智能产品适用刑罚规范不具备现实意义、深度学习是凭借人类思维模式的基础输出进行的。人工智能刑事风险的立法归责应确立限制从属性,亦即,限制可允许性与超越性的人工智能风险之存在,明确人工智能刑事风险从属于自然人主体。继而,可为人工智能时代刑法立法的科学化探索奠定理论基础。

    Abstract:

    Artificial intelligence criminal risk does not belong to a transpersonal risk type. By questioning the subjective illusion of AI's criminal risk perception one by one, we can know that transpersonal risk can be divided into phenomenon risk at the factual level and the legal risk at the normative level. Beyond the scope of design and programming, the serious social harmful behavior of intelligent products is only a kind of pure fact phenomenon risk. What blocks the evaluation of criminal liability of AI products is the lack of experience summary of life emotion in AI technology itself. Applying penalty norms to AI products lacks practical significance, and in-depth learning relies on the basic output of human thinking mode. Legislative imputation of AI criminal risk should establish the subordinate nature of restriction, that is, to limit the existence of AI risk of permissibility and transcendence, and to clarify that AI criminal risk belongs to the subject of natural person. Then, it can lay a theoretical foundation for the scientific exploration of criminal law legislation in the era of artificial intelligence.

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熊波.论人工智能刑事风险的体系定位与立法属性[J].重庆大学学报社会科学版,2020,26(3):142-154. DOI:10.11835/j. issn.1008-5831. fx.2019.03.001

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  • 收稿日期:2019-03-01
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  • 在线发布日期: 2020-06-01
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