独联体成员国示范个人资料法研究
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D913

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西南政法大学人工智能法律研究教师研究创新项目"人工智能机器人的法律调整:阿西莫夫法则的贡献与局限"(2018-RGZN-JS-ZD-10);重庆市教育科学"十三五"规划2019年度重点课题"人工智能时代新型法律人才培养模式研究"(2019-GX-017)


On the model law of personal data in CIS member states
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    摘要:

    在新的立法潮流和技术背景下通过的独联体成员国示范个人资料法,更具有与时俱进的时代特色。示范法不像立法纲要那样具有对成员国直接的约束力,而是试图通过其优良的立法质量来吸引成员国自主将其整体或部分引入本国法律中,其本身具有相当高的质量和有益的创新。个人资料流通被放置在更加重要的位置上,成为与个人资料处理同等重要(甚至是更重要)的个人资料法调整对象,"个人资料流通的调整"和"个人资料流通的国家调整"成为独立部分,较之于欧盟的个人资料保护立法而言,不失其创新性;规定了具有特别重要的意义且更为详尽的个人资料保护有关的立法概念,对于正确调整有关个人资料的法律关系极其重要;个人资料主体的权利群与处理者(持有者)的义务群,是个人资料立法的两大重要内容,保持了与世界上先进个人资料立法的同频共振,处理者(持有者)的义务按照个人资料流通和处理的阶段与行为类型进行了细致缜密的义务群的设置;个人资料流通的国家调整的职能和角色更加突出,突出"公法与私法保护并重的综合性保护",特别是关于个人资料主体权利保护机关的法律地位及其权利和义务,作为国家调整手段的个人资料软件技术保护,作为国家调整手段的个人资料的封存与销毁,及对违反个人资料立法的责任。

    Abstract:

    Under the new legislative trend and technical background, the model law of personal data in CIS Member States advances with the times. The model law is not like the legislative outline which is directly legally binding among the member states. Instead, with its innovation and excellent quality of legislation, the model law attempts to attract the member states to absorb the whole or a part of it into their own laws. Personal data circulation has been placed on greater importance and has become the object of personal data law which is as important as (or even more important than) personal data processing. The "adjustment of personal data circulation" and "national adjustment of personal data circulation" have become separated chapters. Compared with the EU's personal data protection legislation, the model law can still be deemed as innovative. It stipulates the important legislative concepts related to personal data protection in a more detailed manner, which is essential to the correct adjustment of the legal relationship concerning personal data. The law also stipulates the group of rights of the personal data subject and the group of obligations of the personal data processor (holder), which are important contents of the personal data legislation, so as to keep pace with the advanced personal data legislation around the world, while the obligations of the personal data processor (holder) have been regulated according to the different stages and behavior types concerning data circulation and processing process. Besides, the functions and roles of the state adjustment of the circulation of personal data have been emphasized, highlighting the "comprehensive protection that places equal emphasis on the protection of public and private law", especially regarding the right, obligation and legal status of the protection authority of personal data subject's rights, the software technology as a national adjustment means of personal data protection, the storage and destruction of personal information as a national adjustment means, and the responsibility for violation of the personal data law.

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张建文.独联体成员国示范个人资料法研究[J].重庆大学学报社会科学版,2020,26(4):161-172. DOI:10.11835/j. issn.1008-5831. fx.2020.03.003

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  • 收稿日期:2020-03-03
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  • 在线发布日期: 2020-08-17
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